Assessment of Insular Vulnerability in South Western Mediterranean Countries: Case of Sidi Fredj in Algeria

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive evaluation on vulnerability of the Sidi Fredj islet, located along the southern Mediterranean coast, based on environmental and socio-economic data. The study indicates that the areas of the islet near the coast, which are exposed to significant threats, are the most vulnerable due to anthropogenic pressures, such as marine pollution, waste accumulation and human discharges. The analyses reveal high levels of fecal and chemical contamination, necessitating rigorous environmental management to preserve this ecosystem. This work highlights the importance of implementing targeted conservation measures and sustainable management practices to mitigate the negative impacts of human activities on this islet. This study confirms the specific vulnerability of coastal island areas to environmental and socio-economic disturbances. The assessment approach incorporates various indicators, such as water salinity, pH, and heavy metals, alongside socio-economic factors like tourism intensity, urbanization rates, and local economic activities. By integrating these diverse elements, the study provides a holistic understanding of the islet‘s vulnerability. The results demonstrate that the methodological approach used in this study could serve as a model for similar assessments in other Mediterranean regions, offering valuable insights for managing and conserving vulnerable coastal ecosystems. This holistic approach not only highlights the critical points that require attention but also serves as a foundation for ongoing surveillance and adaptive management. This study may provide valuable insights for the management and conservation of vulnerable island ecosystems, highlighting the need for integrated and sustainable approaches to address environmental challenges.